legitimacy of authority psychology

These questions cover: explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational variables affecting obedience including proximity, location and uniform, as investigated by Milgram Essential Revision Materials for A Level Students Company Registration Number: 8600593 broader debates and approaches in Psychology. Helps explain why obedience leads to real life war crimes- My Lai massacre in terms of the power hierarchy of the US Army. A legitimate authority figure can be individuals or organizations such as the government, the boss at work, a police officer or as demonstrated in Milgram's study (1963) a scientist. Boston Spa, Send. Legitimate authority - Condition needed for P to shift to agentic state - Someone who is perceived to be in a position of social control in a situation - Many people expect a socially controlling figure in a situation - Authority comes from PERCEIVED position in social situation, NOT personal characteristics e.g. Obedience: social-psychological factors. Contextualising how the topic in question relates to "Power" refers to the ability to achieve certain ends, 'authority' refers to the legitimacy, justification and right to exercise that power.For example whilst a mob has the power to punish a criminal, such as through lynching, only the courts . We're not around right now. You can login using your social profile. Explanations of resistance to social influence, including social support and locus of control. Author T R Tyler 1 Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-1650, USA. Also, the prisoners did not consent to being 'arrested' at home. procedures. Terms of Use This chapter introduces the philosophical analysis of the concept of legitimate authority. The traditional goal of legal authorities has been to obtain widespread public compliance with the law and legal directives. to issues, to: Whether or not theories are supported or refuted by valid research evidence. Informal authority is based on the individual having attributes that facilitate achievement of a group . An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. E.g. "If an order given by a leader to a member of his group is accepted by the member and controls his activity in the group, then the order is said to carry authority" C.I Barnard Authority means the ability to control the behavior of others. The A03 contains a deep explanation of both strengths and limitations to the theory/study, along with evidential support or criticis. Created on: 07-11-19 08:53; 3. The main criterion is that benefits must outweigh costs. Take a look at our interactive learning Note about 16 Markers for Social Influence, or enhance your knowledge by creating your own online Notes using our free cloud based Notes tool. Menu. For instance, some participants said they conformed to fit in with the group, this claim coincides (supports) Normative influence which states that people conform to fit in when privately disagreeing with the majority. In the case of pure power, compliance to the demands of the powerful is based on fear of consequences or . . I consent to Psychology Hub collecting my details through this form. affecting obedience including proximity, location and uniform, as investigated by Milgram. studies and methods. ecological validity. Study 2); and "The NYPD is a legitimate authority and people should obey the decisions officers make" . We built a moderated mediation model in which. This means the study's findings cannot be reasonably generalized to real life, such as prison settings. This study explained why interpersonal injustice enacted by representatives of an authority might undermine perceived legitimacy of the actual authority. Formal authority, for example, enables an individual to exert influence as a result of either high, legally recognized office (legitimate authority). real -life legitimacy of authority justifies harming others as people authorise another person as capable of making their judgements for them so their own judgements don't matter hence they will carry out harmful acts on another person's say so, for example My Lai village where 500 unarmed elderly, women and children were killed on a commander's instructions Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. Company Reg no: 04489574. To gain marks for criticising studys methodologies the The role of social influence processes in social change. Authority and Legitimacy. This is an elaborate essay plan about the agentic state and legitimacy of authority in A Level Psychology social influence. (@grahamdavid), Steve Rathje - Psychology(@stevepsychology), Mindcape(@mindcape), Steve Rathje - Psychology(@stevepsychology . Agency Theory is a credible theory because it is supported by Milgram's observational studies into obedience. As a result, they could not give informed consent. Evaluating situational explanations of obedience - Legitimacy of Authority. The notion of authority is one of the most controversial concepts found in legal and political philosophy. 2002-2022 Tutor2u Limited. 5. Millions of individuals in Germany displayed obedient behavior but didnt have the same personality, it is unlikely that the majority of Germanys population possessed an authoritarian personality An alternative explanation like social identity theory (people identify with groups they are apart with and discriminate against ones they are not) may be more realistic. Prod 4: you have no other choice but to continue. Demand characteristics could explain the findings of the study. For extra AO3 points link Aschs results to theories/reasons why people may conform to the majority. In this article, we are concerned with the psychology of legitimacy, that is, the issue of why people view authorities as legitimate and therefore choose to defer to them. Interpersonal authority Political authority. Specialist terminology is either absent or inappropriately used OR one theory only at Level 1/2. This is significant because they recognised legitimate authority as the cause of obedience therefore supporting Milgram's explanation for obedience.However, other research shows that the behaviours of the Nazis cannot be explained in terms of authority and an agentic shift. But you can send us an email and we'll get back to you, asap. The Concept of Legitimacy in Social, Organizational, and Political Psychology Although the concept of legitimacy may be relatively new to empirical psychology, it has played an extremely prominent role in social and polit-ical philosophy for well over 2,000 years, as Zelditch recounts in the next chapter. informational social influence and normative social influence. This raises the issue of whether its morally and/or scientifically right to use animals. a theory go on to describe a piece of research evidence saying, Xs study Discover short videos related to legitimacy of authority psychology on TikTok. If the question says 'Discuss research into obedience', then mention Milgram's . It's difficult to doubt the legitimacy of someone wearing a police officer's uniform. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Paper 1. We built a moderated mediation model in which institutional trust was the mediator, and informational justice was the moderator, in the relationship between interpersonal injustice and perceived legitimacy of authority. The answer as a whole lacks clarity, has many inaccuracies and is poorly organised. An agentic shift occurs when a person defers to the authority figure. Social Influence Multiple Choice QuestionsPart 2, Question about psychology advanced info (aqa) , AQA A level psychology autumn 2020 papers , has anyone got the questions for aqa psychology 2020 paper 1 , Cultural differences- it reflect different social hierarchies. tomtyler@socrates.berkeley.edu PMID: 15661667 Authoritative connotes legitimate authority based on knowledge and expertise. Another problem is that the sample was biased. Sometimes the authority of a police officer is only uniform deep. People don't want to be rude or offend the authority. This essay plan includes detailed information about the agentic state and legitimacy of authority as well as five in depth evaluation points following the PEEL structure (poin. 7. Conformity to social roles as investigated by Zimbardo. A strength of the study is that it has altered the way US prisons are run. Can we generalize from studies on animals to humans as their anatomy & physiology is different from humans? Rank and Jacobson 1977 -found only 2 of 18 nurses obeyed when a known drug (Valium) was ordered at 3 times the recommended drug by a known doctor. Chat; Life and style; Entertainment; Debate and current affairs; Study help; University help and courses; Universities and HE colleges; Careers and jobs; Explore all the forums on Forums home page However, Asch did debrief at the end. Knowledge of legitimacy of authority and agentic state is very limited. (2000) Psychology for AS level, Hove, Psychology Press Cox, E. (2008) AS Psychology, London, Philip Allan Updates Page 206 Mike Haralambos et al (2002 . Open mobile menu The study's findings cannot be applied to female prisons or those from other countries. A scientist would be seen as a legitimate authority figure recognised by society as someone who should be obeyed in the situation of a lab experiment. understanding of psychology to everyday/real-life examples. [Show more] Preview 1 out of 3 pages . (a) analyse, interpret and evaluate scientific information, ideas and evidence, including in relation Legitimacy of Authority. An objection to Agency Theory . 6. Moreover, there are ethical issues regarding Aschs study Mention deception as participants were told the study was about perception of lines. 0.0 / 5. Evaluating situational explanations of obedience - Legitimacy of Authority. Similar Psychology resources: Legitimacy of authority. Manage Settings study. What the spec says: Explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational variables affecting obedience including proximity, location and uniform, as investigated by Milgram. 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In this revision quiz we explore another important aspect of social influence. This is good because it improves the reliability of the study and also helps establish a causal relationship. Because the guards and prisoners were playing a role their behavior may not be influenced by the same factors which affect behavior in real life. 0.0 / 5. Watch popular content from the following creators: Wilfred(@wilfy03), Dr Paul(@drpaul_psych_made_simple), Mia (@miaxnicola), Lauren(@laurenlogic), Graham - Everything Money! Legitimacy is supported by Milgram's study of obedience. Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE. Prod 2: the experiment requires you to continue. PsychLogic is reducing the full A-level package of syllabus notes and model answers from 65 to 25 to help Year 12 students catch-up on their learning. The sample therefore lacks population validity. The relational model of authority: Social categorization effects on the psychology of legitimacy. Variables affecting conformity Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Berkeley. This is linked with the uniform factor, as a uniform conveys a sense of legitimacy and authority. The study may also lack population validity as the sample comprised US male students. People enter an ____ when carrying out orders of an authority figure (7, 5) 4. Therefore, the violence the children witnessed was on television and was 1. Milgram suggested that we are more likely to obey a person who has a higher position or status in a social hierarchy. Prod 3: It is absolutely essential that you continue. The experimenter is a figure of legitimate authority in an educational institution of Yale university. 'Authoritative' parents feel comfortable about settings rules because they know more than their children, have more. Approaches To Human Behaviour; . To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Milgram suggested that we are more likely to obey a person who has a higher position or status in a socialhierarchy. Copyright Get Revising 2022 all rights reserved. Continue with Recommended Cookies. 0.0 / 5. Adorno used a biased sample Only used 2000 middle class white Americans who are more likely to have an Authoritarian personality due to demographics and the time of the study Research lacks population validity and historical validity, so conclusions cannot be generalised to people outside the sample. Highlight the value that Milgrams work has provided to social Psychology. n. the capacity to influence others either directly or indirectly. A limitation is that this study lacked ecological validity as it was carried out in a lab under artificial conditions. The psychology of legitimacy: a relational perspective on voluntary deference to authorities Pers Soc Psychol Rev. Dispositional explanation for obedience: the Authoritarian Personality. Get Revising is one of the trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. It has been included in the discussion of legitimate forms of social organization and legitimate forms of political action. For example, juveniles accused of federal crimes are no longer housed before trial with adult prisoners (due to the risk of violence against them). Most of the guards later claimed they were simply acting. people in certain positions hold auhtority over the rest of us such as parents teachers and bouncers. against a doll not a human. A: Electoral democracy is an important method of acquiring legitimacy B: Electoral democracy is not transparent A: Political influence is the ability of private individuals and groups to influence, condition, shape and control the authoritative decisions and actions of those who possess the formal-legal authority. Could not have been predicted from the prestigious ivy league University to a learner have. 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